Outline of the Geologic History of the Grand Traverse Region
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Authors
Martin, Helen M.
Issue Date
1957-04
Type
Technical Report
Language
en_US
Subject
Grand Traverse Bay , Kalkaska County , Benzie County , Antrim County , Ellsworth , Cup coral , horn coral , brachiopod , winged shell , petoskey stone , Atrypa , Fossils , Charlevoix , Manistee , Hayes Township
Alternative Title
Abstract
The four counties bordering Grand Traverse Bay with Kalkaska and
Benzie counties form a unit sharing the same geologic history. The foundation
of the region is a segment of the western rim of the nest of rock bowls
that are the bedrock of the Southern Peninsula.
The Foundation
Through millions of years Michigan was a-building. After the iron
formations and the copper bearing lavas were piled on the northern rim of
the granitic bowl we call the Michigan Basin, after earth movements had lifted,
compressed, folded, metamorphosed or changed, the sediments of the
Huronian iron-forming age and had broken and uplifted the copper bearing lava
flows of Keweenawan time, then came a time of quiet and of early life known
as the Paleozoic, (primitive plants, algae, fungi, bacteria were in existence
during the Huronian). During the Paleozoic, six major ocean-encroachments
were made over North America, seas entered and retreated from the Michigan
Basin. Each major sea ebbed and flowed several times covering the basin in
whole or in part. Each time of major encroachment has a name: Cambrian,
Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Mississippian, Pennsylvanian. Likewise the
sediments of each minor sea has been given a name. At least 5^
Description
Partial OCR done. 18 pages total.
Citation
Publisher
Michigan Department of Conservation